ويليام إدوارد بورغاردت دو بوا

ويليام دو بوا.. إعادة بناء الهوية الاجتماعية للأمريكيين الأفارقة

د. حسن العاصي - باحث وكاتب فلسطيني مقيم في الدنمرك كانت الفترة الممتدة من عام 1918 إلى عام 1928 فترة أزمات واضطرابات اجتماعية مفاجئة في الول...

window['__wavt'] = 'AOuZoY74ITUuSDYntdtATxfG95gsFv7L1g:1748943936063';_WidgetManager._Init('//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID\x3d3618663131359092684','//www.mudwen.net/search/label/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85%20%D8%A5%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%20%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AA%20%D8%AF%D9%88%20%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7','3618663131359092684'); _WidgetManager._SetDataContext([{'name': 'blog', 'data': {'blogId': '3618663131359092684', 'title': '\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628', 'url': 'https://www.mudwen.net/search/label/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85%20%D8%A5%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%20%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AA%20%D8%AF%D9%88%20%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7', 'canonicalUrl': 'https://www.mudwen.net/search/label/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85%20%D8%A5%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%20%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AA%20%D8%AF%D9%88%20%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7', 'homepageUrl': 'https://www.mudwen.net/', 'searchUrl': 'https://www.mudwen.net/search', 'canonicalHomepageUrl': 'https://www.mudwen.net/', 'blogspotFaviconUrl': 'https://www.mudwen.net/favicon.ico', 'bloggerUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com', 'hasCustomDomain': true, 'httpsEnabled': true, 'enabledCommentProfileImages': true, 'gPlusViewType': 'FILTERED_POSTMOD', 'adultContent': false, 'analyticsAccountNumber': 'G-MXP0JDGJV5', 'analytics4': true, 'encoding': 'UTF-8', 'locale': 'ar', 'localeUnderscoreDelimited': 'ar', 'languageDirection': 'rtl', 'isPrivate': false, 'isMobile': false, 'isMobileRequest': false, 'mobileClass': '', 'isPrivateBlog': false, 'isDynamicViewsAvailable': true, 'feedLinks': '\x3clink rel\x3d\x22alternate\x22 type\x3d\x22application/atom+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 - Atom\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.mudwen.net/feeds/posts/default\x22 /\x3e\n\x3clink rel\x3d\x22alternate\x22 type\x3d\x22application/rss+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 - RSS\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.mudwen.net/feeds/posts/default?alt\x3drss\x22 /\x3e\n\x3clink rel\x3d\x22service.post\x22 type\x3d\x22application/atom+xml\x22 title\x3d\x22\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 - Atom\x22 href\x3d\x22https://www.blogger.com/feeds/3618663131359092684/posts/default\x22 /\x3e\n', 'meTag': '', 'adsenseClientId': 'ca-pub-8225118991602606', 'adsenseHostId': 'ca-host-pub-1556223355139109', 'adsenseHasAds': true, 'adsenseAutoAds': true, 'boqCommentIframeForm': true, 'loginRedirectParam': '', 'view': '', 'dynamicViewsCommentsSrc': '//www.blogblog.com/dynamicviews/4224c15c4e7c9321/js/comments.js', 'dynamicViewsScriptSrc': '//www.blogblog.com/dynamicviews/a613144e6ffe5c7e', 'plusOneApiSrc': 'https://apis.google.com/js/platform.js', 'disableGComments': true, 'interstitialAccepted': false, 'sharing': {'platforms': [{'name': '\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637', 'key': 'link', 'shareMessage': '\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637', 'target': ''}, {'name': 'Facebook', 'key': 'facebook', 'shareMessage': '\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Facebook', 'target': 'facebook'}, {'name': '\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629', 'key': 'blogThis', 'shareMessage': '\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629', 'target': 'blog'}, {'name': 'X', 'key': 'twitter', 'shareMessage': '\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 X', 'target': 'twitter'}, {'name': 'Pinterest', 'key': 'pinterest', 'shareMessage': '\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 Pinterest', 'target': 'pinterest'}, {'name': '\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a', 'key': 'email', 'shareMessage': '\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a', 'target': 'email'}], 'disableGooglePlus': true, 'googlePlusShareButtonWidth': 0, 'googlePlusBootstrap': '\x3cscript type\x3d\x22text/javascript\x22\x3ewindow.___gcfg \x3d {\x27lang\x27: \x27ar\x27};\x3c/script\x3e'}, 'hasCustomJumpLinkMessage': true, 'jumpLinkMessage': 'Read more \xbb', 'pageType': 'index', 'searchLabel': '\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0627', 'pageName': '\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0627', 'pageTitle': '\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628: \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0627', 'metaDescription': '\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645'}}, {'name': 'features', 'data': {}}, {'name': 'messages', 'data': {'edit': '\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644', 'linkCopiedToClipboard': '\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629', 'ok': '\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627', 'postLink': '\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629'}}, {'name': 'template', 'data': {'name': 'custom', 'localizedName': '\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635', 'isResponsive': true, 'isAlternateRendering': false, 'isCustom': true}}, {'name': 'view', 'data': {'classic': {'name': 'classic', 'url': '?view\x3dclassic'}, 'flipcard': {'name': 'flipcard', 'url': '?view\x3dflipcard'}, 'magazine': {'name': 'magazine', 'url': '?view\x3dmagazine'}, 'mosaic': {'name': 'mosaic', 'url': '?view\x3dmosaic'}, 'sidebar': {'name': 'sidebar', 'url': '?view\x3dsidebar'}, 'snapshot': {'name': 'snapshot', 'url': '?view\x3dsnapshot'}, 'timeslide': {'name': 'timeslide', 'url': '?view\x3dtimeslide'}, 'isMobile': false, 'title': '\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628', 'description': '\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645', 'url': 'https://www.mudwen.net/search/label/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85%20%D8%A5%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%20%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AA%20%D8%AF%D9%88%20%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7', 'type': 'feed', 'isSingleItem': false, 'isMultipleItems': true, 'isError': false, 'isPage': false, 'isPost': false, 'isHomepage': false, 'isArchive': false, 'isSearch': true, 'isLabelSearch': true, 'search': {'label': '\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0627', 'resultsMessage': '\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0627', 'resultsMessageHtml': '\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \x3cspan class\x3d\x27search-label\x27\x3e\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0627\x3c/span\x3e'}}}, {'name': 'widgets', 'data': [{'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML3'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML30'}, {'title': '\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b\u061f', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML38'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML31'}, {'title': '\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML27'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML32'}, {'title': '\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML18'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML33'}, {'title': '\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML22'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML24'}, {'title': '\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML13'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML26'}, {'title': '\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML23'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML37'}, {'title': '\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'TopPost-sc', 'id': 'HTML19'}, {'title': '\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw1', 'id': 'HTML6'}, {'title': 'unitedkingdom', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw1', 'id': 'HTML50'}, {'title': '\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw2', 'id': 'HTML7'}, {'title': 'france', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw2', 'id': 'HTML51'}, {'title': '\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw3', 'id': 'HTML8'}, {'title': 'netherlands', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw3', 'id': 'HTML52'}, {'title': '\u0625\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs1', 'id': 'HTML9'}, {'title': 'beautifying', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs2', 'id': 'HTML53'}, {'title': '\u0642\u0635\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0628', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs2', 'id': 'HTML10'}, {'title': 'fashion', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs3', 'id': 'HTML54'}, {'title': '\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs3', 'id': 'HTML11'}, {'title': '\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs4', 'id': 'HTML12'}, {'title': '\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0634\u0627\u0628', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs5', 'id': 'HTML15'}, {'title': 'makeup', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs6', 'id': 'HTML55'}, {'title': '\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs6', 'id': 'HTML16'}, {'title': 'woman', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs7', 'id': 'HTML56'}, {'title': '\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postcs7', 'id': 'HTML17'}, {'title': 'norway', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw4', 'id': 'HTML47'}, {'title': 'germany', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw5', 'id': 'HTML48'}, {'title': 'canada (fr)', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Postnw6', 'id': 'HTML49'}, {'title': '\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'BotPostsc', 'id': 'HTML46'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'BotPostsc', 'id': 'HTML34'}, {'title': '\u0635\u062d\u0629', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'BotPostsc', 'id': 'HTML14'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'BotPostsc', 'id': 'HTML35'}, {'title': '\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'BotPostsc', 'id': 'HTML20'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'BotPostsc', 'id': 'HTML36'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'footer-col1', 'id': 'HTML4'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'footer-col2', 'id': 'HTML5'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'footer-col3', 'id': 'HTML28'}, {'title': '\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'footer-social', 'id': 'LinkList2'}, {'title': '\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641', 'type': 'Image', 'sectionId': 'MopileMenuLogo', 'id': 'Image003'}, {'title': '\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 (\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629)', 'type': 'Header', 'sectionId': 'logo', 'id': 'Header1'}, {'title': '\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a', 'type': 'PageList', 'sectionId': 'pages', 'id': 'PageList1'}, {'title': '\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'topsocialL', 'id': 'LinkList3'}, {'title': '\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'menu', 'id': 'LinkList001'}, {'title': '\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Topa3lan-sc', 'id': 'HTML100'}, {'title': '\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'Topa3lan-sc2', 'id': 'HTML101'}, {'title': '\u0628\u062d\u062b ...', 'type': 'BlogSearch', 'sectionId': 'searchform', 'id': 'BlogSearch2'}, {'title': '\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 (\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b)', 'type': 'Label', 'sectionId': 'searchform', 'id': 'Label002'}, {'title': '\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629', 'type': 'Blog', 'sectionId': 'Tempnec', 'id': 'Blog1', 'posts': [{'id': '668691398971101148', 'title': '\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0627.. \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629', 'featuredImage': 'https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx7Sq72mOgofXewKHV2wEdPQabGlDSNpLmPwVmxcdzkdXp1cpGXXbxSIaAI9HmR6Bs2AH_TWAgw53dS7n2vREQxRWDSnCuqA2B1v4ttP2xJnUIf-Id2lyKDOTrEIsdqlQ042GCeLRrZdfFgRWs9c2GxjJKwJlb9SfbGzfR2Ewof-brXimwWSd4ts077W-T/w492-h640/1200px-WEB_DuBois_1918.webp', 'showInlineAds': false}], 'headerByline': {'regionName': 'header1', 'items': [{'name': 'share', 'label': ''}, {'name': 'author', 'label': '\u0643\u062a\u0628:'}, {'name': 'timestamp', 'label': '-'}]}, 'footerBylines': [{'regionName': 'footer1', 'items': [{'name': 'comments', 'label': 'comments'}, {'name': 'icons', 'label': ''}]}, {'regionName': 'footer2', 'items': [{'name': 'labels', 'label': ''}]}], 'allBylineItems': [{'name': 'share', 'label': ''}, {'name': 'author', 'label': '\u0643\u062a\u0628:'}, {'name': 'timestamp', 'label': '-'}, {'name': 'comments', 'label': 'comments'}, {'name': 'icons', 'label': ''}, {'name': 'labels', 'label': ''}]}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'HTML43'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'HTML44'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'HTML41'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'HTML40'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'HTML42'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'HTML25'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'HTML39'}, {'title': '', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'sidepar', 'id': 'HTML45'}, {'title': '\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a', 'type': 'PageList', 'sectionId': 'PostA3lan2', 'id': 'PageList2'}, {'title': '\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'PostA3lan2', 'id': 'LinkList1'}, {'title': '\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'PostA3lan', 'id': 'LinkList005'}, {'title': 'BlogArchive', 'type': 'BlogArchive', 'sectionId': 'sitting', 'id': 'BlogArchive400'}, {'title': 'BlogAuthors', 'type': 'Profile', 'sectionId': 'sitting', 'id': 'Profile400'}, {'title': '\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629', 'type': 'LinkList', 'sectionId': 'AddOns', 'id': 'LinkList500'}, {'title': '\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'AddOns', 'id': 'HTML2'}, {'title': '\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644', 'type': 'ContactForm', 'sectionId': 'AddOns', 'id': 'ContactForm200'}, {'title': 'Custom Scripts', 'type': 'HTML', 'sectionId': 'customeJs', 'id': 'HTML014'}, {'title': '\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a', 'type': 'TextList', 'sectionId': 'sitteng-menu hide', 'id': 'TextList88'}]}]); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML3', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML3'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML30', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML30'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML38', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML38'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML31', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML31'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML27', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML27'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML32', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML32'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML18', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML18'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML33', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML33'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML22', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML22'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML24', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML24'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML13', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML13'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML26', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML26'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML23', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML23'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML37', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML37'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML19', 'TopPost-sc', document.getElementById('HTML19'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML6', 'Postnw1', document.getElementById('HTML6'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML50', 'Postnw1', document.getElementById('HTML50'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML7', 'Postnw2', document.getElementById('HTML7'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML51', 'Postnw2', document.getElementById('HTML51'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML8', 'Postnw3', document.getElementById('HTML8'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML52', 'Postnw3', document.getElementById('HTML52'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML9', 'Postcs1', document.getElementById('HTML9'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML53', 'Postcs2', document.getElementById('HTML53'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML10', 'Postcs2', document.getElementById('HTML10'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML54', 'Postcs3', document.getElementById('HTML54'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML11', 'Postcs3', document.getElementById('HTML11'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML12', 'Postcs4', document.getElementById('HTML12'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML15', 'Postcs5', document.getElementById('HTML15'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML55', 'Postcs6', document.getElementById('HTML55'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML16', 'Postcs6', document.getElementById('HTML16'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML56', 'Postcs7', document.getElementById('HTML56'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML17', 'Postcs7', document.getElementById('HTML17'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML47', 'Postnw4', document.getElementById('HTML47'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML48', 'Postnw5', document.getElementById('HTML48'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML49', 'Postnw6', document.getElementById('HTML49'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML46', 'BotPostsc', document.getElementById('HTML46'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML34', 'BotPostsc', document.getElementById('HTML34'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML14', 'BotPostsc', document.getElementById('HTML14'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML35', 'BotPostsc', document.getElementById('HTML35'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML20', 'BotPostsc', document.getElementById('HTML20'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML36', 'BotPostsc', document.getElementById('HTML36'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML4', 'footer-col1', document.getElementById('HTML4'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML5', 'footer-col2', document.getElementById('HTML5'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML28', 'footer-col3', document.getElementById('HTML28'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList2', 'footer-social', document.getElementById('LinkList2'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ImageView', new _WidgetInfo('Image003', 'MopileMenuLogo', document.getElementById('Image003'), {'resize': false}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HeaderView', new _WidgetInfo('Header1', 'logo', document.getElementById('Header1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_PageListView', new _WidgetInfo('PageList1', 'pages', document.getElementById('PageList1'), {'title': '\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a', 'links': [{'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.mudwen.net/p/blog-page_27.html', 'id': '933980863167137496', 'title': '\u0625\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.mudwen.net/p/blog-page_75.html', 'id': '6568174906294487354', 'title': '\u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.mudwen.net/p/blog-page_17.html', 'id': '6812696627940942310', 'title': '\u0625\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628'}, {'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.mudwen.net/p/blog-page_22.html', 'id': '9188327725359954567', 'title': '\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629'}], 'mobile': false, 'showPlaceholder': true, 'hasCurrentPage': false}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList3', 'topsocialL', document.getElementById('LinkList3'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList001', 'menu', document.getElementById('LinkList001'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML100', 'Topa3lan-sc', document.getElementById('HTML100'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML101', 'Topa3lan-sc2', document.getElementById('HTML101'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogSearchView', new _WidgetInfo('BlogSearch2', 'searchform', document.getElementById('BlogSearch2'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LabelView', new _WidgetInfo('Label002', 'searchform', document.getElementById('Label002'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogView', new _WidgetInfo('Blog1', 'Tempnec', document.getElementById('Blog1'), {'cmtInteractionsEnabled': false, 'navMessage': '\u200f\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \x3cb\x3e\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0627\x3c/b\x3e. \x3ca href\x3d\x22https://www.mudwen.net/\x22\x3e\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\x3c/a\x3e', 'lightboxEnabled': true, 'lightboxModuleUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/jsbin/372519499-lbx__ar.js', 'lightboxCssUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/v-css/123180807-lightbox_bundle_rtl.css'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML43', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('HTML43'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML44', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('HTML44'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML41', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('HTML41'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML40', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('HTML40'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML42', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('HTML42'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML25', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('HTML25'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML39', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('HTML39'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML45', 'sidepar', document.getElementById('HTML45'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_PageListView', new _WidgetInfo('PageList2', 'PostA3lan2', document.getElementById('PageList2'), {'title': '\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a', 'links': [{'isCurrentPage': false, 'href': 'https://www.mudwen.net/p/unitedkingdom.html', 'id': '2320269319009178474', 'title': 'UNITEDKINGDOM'}], 'mobile': false, 'showPlaceholder': true, 'hasCurrentPage': false}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList1', 'PostA3lan2', document.getElementById('LinkList1'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList005', 'PostA3lan', document.getElementById('LinkList005'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_BlogArchiveView', new _WidgetInfo('BlogArchive400', 'sitting', document.getElementById('BlogArchive400'), {'languageDirection': 'rtl', 'loadingMessage': '\u200f\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644\x26hellip;'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ProfileView', new _WidgetInfo('Profile400', 'sitting', document.getElementById('Profile400'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_LinkListView', new _WidgetInfo('LinkList500', 'AddOns', document.getElementById('LinkList500'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML2', 'AddOns', document.getElementById('HTML2'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_ContactFormView', new _WidgetInfo('ContactForm200', 'AddOns', document.getElementById('ContactForm200'), {'contactFormMessageSendingMsg': '\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644...', 'contactFormMessageSentMsg': '\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643.', 'contactFormMessageNotSentMsg': '\u062a\u0639\u0630\u0631 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642.', 'contactFormInvalidEmailMsg': '\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d.', 'contactFormEmptyMessageMsg': '\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u064b\u0627.', 'title': '\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644', 'blogId': '3618663131359092684', 'contactFormNameMsg': '\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645', 'contactFormEmailMsg': '\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a', 'contactFormMessageMsg': '\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629', 'contactFormSendMsg': '\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644', 'contactFormToken': 'AOuZoY7QIMVxsZuLe4BNyRKCXZdt25sUDw:1748943936064', 'submitUrl': 'https://www.blogger.com/contact-form.do'}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_HTMLView', new _WidgetInfo('HTML014', 'customeJs', document.getElementById('HTML014'), {}, 'displayModeFull')); _WidgetManager._RegisterWidget('_TextListView', new _WidgetInfo('TextList88', 'sitteng-menu hide', document.getElementById('TextList88'), {}, 'displayModeFull'));

أقسام الوصول السريع (مربع البحث)

ويليام إدوارد بورغاردت دو بوا

ويليام دو بوا.. إعادة بناء الهوية الاجتماعية للأمريكيين الأفارقة